The Sangam Period | The Pandya | The Cholas | The Cheras

The Sangam Period

The Pandya | The Cholas | The Cheras

The development of the Sangam Literature is called the Sangam Era. During this time the Pandya, Chola and Chera dynasty emerged in South India. The oldest kingdom was the Pandya of these kingdoms.

The Pandya

• Emblem - Fish.
• Location - Modern district of Tirunevelli, Ramnad and Madurai in Tamil Nadu.
• Capital of The Pandya Kingdom - Madurai.
• In Tamil Madurai means - Mathura.
• Famous Port - Korkai, Saliyur.
• First ruler of the Pandya Kingdom - Mudukudumi.
• The Greatest ruler the Pandya Kingdom  - Nedunjelian.
• The Pandya was first mentioned by Megasthanese.
• The Pandya find mentioned in the Ramayana amd Mahabharata.
• The Romans had commercial contact with the Pandya kings.

The Cholas

• Emblem - Tiger.
• Location - North East of Pandya between Pennar and Vellar river.
• Capital of Chola Kingdom - Uraiyur.
• Famous Port - Puhar.
• First ruler of the Chola Kingdom - Elara.
• The greatest king was - Karikala. Karikala founded the capital city Puhar/Kaveripatanam and constructed embankment of the Kaveri river.
• Chola maintained an efficient navy.

The Cheras

• Emblem - Bow.
• Location - Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
• Capital of the Chera Kingdom - Vanji.
• Famous Port - Muzris Todi, Bandur.
• First ruler of the Chola Kingdom - Udiyangeral.
• The greatest king was - Senguttuvan / Red Chera.
• Trade with - Romans.

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