TUGHLAQ DYNASTY
Medieval History | Tughlaq Dynasty Descriptive Notes
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| Tughlaq Dynasty-Delhi Sultanate |
In the period from 1206 AD to 1525 AD, the Turkish and Afghan rulers of Delhi were called Sultans, so this period is called as "Delhi Sultanate" in the history of India. Five different
dynasties-the Slave, the khalji, the Tughlaq, the Sayyids, the Lodhis are
collectively referred to as the Delhi Sultanate.
In this section, we are going to share the most important points on Tughlaq Dynasty. The Tugluq dynasty emerged in 1320 and ended in 1413 and was ruled by many rulers like Ghazi Malik, Muhammad-bin-Tughluq, etc.
Tughlaq Dynasty
Important Rulers of the Tughluq Dynasty(1320-1413)
Tughlaq Dynasty is also known as the Dynasty of Quraunah.
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320-1325 a.d.)
- The founder of the Tughlaq dynasty is Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq.
- Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the first Sultan to take the title of Ghazi or Gazi Malik.
- He ascended the throne after murdering Khusrau Shah.
- He built a strong fort named Tughlaqabad near Delhi.
- His son Jauna Khan or Mohammad Bin Tughlaq conquered Warangal.
- He died due to the collapse of the Pavilion.
Mohammad Bin Tughlaq (1324-1351 a.d.)
- Real name of Mohammad Bin Tughlaq was Jauna Khan.
- He is one of the most controversial figures in Delhi Sultanate Period.
- He was called 'wisest fool' by historian Isami and 'Mixture of opposition' by Henry Elliot.
- Mohammad Bin Tughlaq transferred his capital Delhi to Devagiri in 1327. He named as Daulatabad.
- He fixed the land revenue at half the produce and not on the basis on actual produce.
- Mohammad Bin Tughlaq introduced Token Currency 'Dokani' in 1329.
- He established an agricultural department 'Diwan-I-Amir-Kohl'.
- He built a city Jahanpanah.
- He planned to invade central Asia but failed.
- He was the only Delhi sultan who had received a comprehensive literary, religious and philosophical education.
- He launched a loan system 'Takkavi' to permit laon to the farmers for cultivation.
- Ibn Batuta came to Delhi in 1334 A.D. in reign of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq.
- He was succeeded by his nephew Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388 a.d.)
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq was called as the Akbar of Delhi.
- He established a welfare Department Dewan I Khairat.
- He established a slave department Dewan I Bundelgan.
- He created employment exchange.
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq established a charitable hospital Dar ul safa.
- As well as 23 taxes were abolished. Only 4 taxes sectioned by Shariat were imposed - Kharaj, Zakat, Jaziya, and Khams.
- Jaziya was also imposed on Brahmin (earlier exempted) only women, children and disabled exempted.
- He repaired Qutub Minar which had been struck by lighting.
- He built two cities - Firozabad in Delhi and Jaunpur in Uttar Pradesh.
- Firoz Shah Tughla wrote futuhat I Firoz Shahi.
- He introduces two new coins Adha and Bitch.
Nasiruddin Muhammad (1390-1398 a.d.)
- The Last ruler of Tughlaq Dynasty is Nasiruddin Muhammad.
- Timur Langha invaded India in 1398 A.D.
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