Delhi Sultanate
Delhi Sultanate
In the period from 1206 AD to 1525 AD, the Turkish and Afghan rulers of Delhi were called Sultans, so this period is called as "Delhi Sultanate" in the history of India.
There were basically five dynasties ruled during these periods of Delhi Sultanate, these were :
- The Slave Dynasty (1206 - 1290 AD)
- The Khalji Dynasty (1290 - 1320 AD)
- The Tughluq Dynasty (1320 - 1413 AD)
- The Saiyid Dynasty (1414 - 1451 AD)
- The Lodi Dynasty (1415 - 1526 AD)
The Slave Dynasty
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| Slave Dynasty |
In this section, we have compiled descriptive notes of the Slave Dynasty. The Slave dynasty was the first ruler of the Delhi sultanate. We have shared the details and most important points from the era of the Sultan Qutubuddin Aibak, Iltutmis, Ruknuddin Firoz, Sultana Razia, Nasiruddin Mahmud and Giasuddin Balban.
The Slave Dynasty (1206 - 1290 AD)
Muhammad of Ghur left his Indian dominions in the care of his trusted slave, Qutub-Uddin-Aibak. On Muhammad's death, Qutub-Uddin founded a new dynasty, generally referred to as the Mameluks, Ilbari or Slave dynasty.
Qutubuddin Aibak (1206 - 1210):
- Aibak received the title of Sultan of Delhi from Ghiyas-ud-din Mahmud, the nephew of Muhammad of Ghur.
- He laid the foundation of Qutab Minar in Delhi after the name of the famous Sufi saint Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiar Kaki which was completed by Iltutmish.
- Aibak constructed the first mosque in India named Quwwat-ul-Islam in Delhi and Arhai Din ka Jhopra in Ajmer.
- He was known as Lakh Bakhsh or giver of lakhs.
- He died in 1210 while playing Chaugan (Horse Polo).
Iltutmis (1210 - 1236) :
- The full name of Iltutmis was Shams-uddin-Iltutmis.
- He was Aibak's son-in-law.
- At the time of Qutubuddin's death, he was the governor of Badaun.
- Iltutmis was the real founder of the Delhi Sultanate.
- He defeated Tajuddin Yalduzin in the Third Battle of Tarain in 1215 AD.
- He made Delhi the capital of his empire.
- Iltutmis was the first independent Sultan of Delhi Sultani.
- He formed Bandegan-e-Chahelgan or Turkan-i-Chahalgani (Group of 40) or Group of Chalisha.
- Iltutmis started a land revenue system Iqta.
- He introduces coins Tanka (Silver) and Jital (Cupper).
- Iltutmis completed the construction of Qutub Minar which was started by Aibak.
Ruknuddin Firoz:
- After the death of Iltutmis, the Turkish nobles raised his son Ruknuddin Firoz to the throne.
- Sultana Razia won over the throne with the help of some powerful nobles and deposed Ruknuddin Firoz.
Sultana Razia (1236 - 1240) :
- Sultana Razia was the first and last Muslim woman ruler of Delhi Sultanate.
- His husband's name was Malik Ikhtiar-ud-din Altunia. He was the governor of Sirhind or Bhatinda.
- She died at Kaithal (Punjab).
- She was not a slave.
Muizuddin Bahramshah (1240 -42) and Masud Shali (1242 - 46) were the successors of Razia.
Nasiruddin Mahmud(1246 - 1265):
- Nasiruddin Mahnud was a Darbesh sultan of Delhi.
- Nasiruddin handed over all the powers to Balban.
- Nasiruddin Mahmud awarded the title "Ulugh Khan" to Balban.
Giasuddin Balban (1266 - 1287) :
- His real name was Bahauddin.
- Giasuddin Balban introduced Sajda, Paibos and Nauroz festival.
- Balban followed a policy on Blood and Iron.
- He did not allow anybody to laugh in his court.
- Balban established a military department named as Dewan-I-Ariz and a spy department named as Dewan-I-Barid.
Kaiqabad(1287-1290):
- Kaiqabad and Kaymurs became Sultan after Balban's death.
Frequently Asked Questions about Slave / Mamluk Dynasty
Who was the first sultan of the Mamluk Dynasty in India?
The first Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty was Qutb ud-Din Aibak.
Who is the founder of slave dynasty?
The Slave dynasty was founded by Quṭb al-Dīn Aibak
Why was the Slave called as the Mamluk Dynasty?
The literal meaning of “Mamluk” is “owned”, and the Sultans of this Dynasty were either the earliest known slaves or were sons of the former slaves. This led to naming this dynasty as the Slave or Mamluk Dynasty.
Who were the most famous Sultans of the Mamluk Dynasty?
Qutb ud-Din Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia Sultan, and Ghiyas ud din Balban were a few of the most famous Mamluk Sultans.
Where exactly is the Mamluk dynasty from?
They were originally from Egypt and nearby regions.
This Page Contains:
slave dynasty rulers, slave dynasty upsc, slave dynasty, slave dynasty notes, founder of slave dynasty, last ruler of slave dynasty, slave dynasty rulers list, sultans of India, Delhi sultanate slave dynasty, Mamluk Dynasty, Ilbari dynasty, important points of slave dynasty, Qutubuddin Aibak, Iltutmis, Ruknuddin Firoz, Sultana Razia, Nasiruddin Mahmud and Giasuddin Balban.
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